【每周一问】2022.07.18--外耳炎知识测试（2）

王帆

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Managing canine otitis externa has numerous challenges,but advancements in available treatments can make treatment and management of this disease easier. Test your knowledge with this quiz.
管理犬外耳炎有许多挑战，但现有治疗方法的进步可以使治疗和管理这种疾病更容易。用这个小测验来测试你的知识。


1：Which of the following regarding otitis externa is true?
1：关于外耳炎说法正确的是？
A. Although common, otitis externa is significantly less prevalent than periodontal disease.虽然常见，但外耳炎病例明显低于牙周病。
B. It may be the most frequently diagnosed condition in dogs in general practice.可能是犬临床最常被诊断的疾病。
C. It is consistently in the top 3 pet insurance claims made by dog owners.外耳炎是宠主为宠物进行保险理赔的前三疾病之一。
D. Both B and C 选B和C
The correct answer is D. According to a random sample of >3000 medical records from 93 veterinary clinics in England in 2014, otitis externa was the most frequently diagnosed condition, with a 10.2% prevalence. A more
recent study found otitis externa to have a prevalence rate of 7.3% over 1 year. Otitis was also named by 5 major  pet insurance companies as 1 of the top 3 claims made by dog owners in 2018. Due to the frequency with which
otitis externa affects household pets, effective medication options are vital to achieving treatment success.

正确答案D。根据2014年英国93家兽医诊所的3000份随机病历，外耳炎是最常见的疾病，患病率为10.2%。最近的一项研究发现，1年内外耳炎的患病率为7.3%。此外，有5家主要宠物保险公司将耳炎列为2018年犬主人索赔的前三名之一。由于家养犬外耳炎患病率高，有效的药物选择对获得治疗成功至关重要。

2：Which of the following is not a factor in the development of canine otitis externa?
2：哪一项不是犬外耳炎病因？
A. Frequent swimming or bathing频繁游泳或洗澡
B. Underlying hypersensitivity潜在过敏性疾病
C. Higher body weight体重过大
D. Ear carriage conformation耳廓结构

The correct answer is C. Predisposing factors for canine otitis externa affect the local ear environment in a way that leads to an increased risk for infection and inflammation. Several predisposing factors exist for canine otitis externa, including increased environmental temperature and humidity, aberrant otic hair, stenotic ear canals, and otic masses. In one retrospective study, hypersensitivity to food or environmental allergens (allergic dermatitis) was the most common primary cause of otitis externa in dogs. Genetic factors such as breed, breed-associated ear conformation, and purebred status are also significant contributors to the development of canine otitis externa and remain important considerations for breeding reforms. Currently, there is no evidence to suggest that a higher body weight contributes to canine otitis externa.

正确答案是C.犬外耳炎的易感性因素影响局部耳环境，导致感染和炎症的风险增加。犬外耳炎的易感因素包括环境温度和湿度升高、耳毛异常、耳道狭窄和耳道肿物。在一项回顾性研究中，对食物或环境过敏原的超敏反应(过敏性皮炎)是犬外耳炎最常见的原发病因。基因因素像是品种，与品种有关的耳道形态和纯种犬也是犬外耳炎发生的重要因素，仍然是育种改革的重要考虑因素。目前，没有证据表明体重大易感犬外耳炎。

3：Which bacteria is most commonly associated with canine otitis externa?
3：犬外耳炎最常见细菌是？
A. Pseudomonas aeruginosa铜绿假单胞菌
B. Proteus mirabilis奇异变形杆菌
C. Staphylococcus aureus金黄色葡萄球菌
D. Staphylococcus pseudintermedius假中间型葡萄球菌

The correct answer is D. In one study, out of 74 sterile swab samples taken from the vertical ear canal of canine patients with otitis externa, the pathogen then known as Staphylococcus intermedius (now known as S  pseudintermedius ) was the most frequently isolated bacteria. More recently, S intermedius was re-classified into 3 species, with other species including Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Proteus mirabilis, Escherichia coli, Pasteurella canis, and several other coagulase-negative Staphylococcus species.  
正确答案是D。在一项研究中，从外耳炎犬患者的垂直耳道提取的74个无菌棉签样本中，当时被称为中间葡萄球菌(现在被称为假中间型葡萄球菌)的病原体是最常被分离出来的细菌。最近，中间型葡萄球菌被重新划分为3种，其他种类包括铜绿假单胞菌、奇异变形杆菌、大肠杆菌、犬巴氏杆菌和其他几种凝固酶阴性葡萄球菌。         


   
4：Which of the following products are FDA-approved for otic use in dogs?
4：FDA批准的犬耳药产品是？（这题超纲，不在资料范围内，允许瞎猜，猜错不扣分，也可以翻墙查阅）
A. Florfenicol-terbinafine-betamethasone acetate氟苯尼考-特比萘芬-倍他米松
B. Silver sulfadiazine-polymyxin B-triamcinolone-tetracaine磺胺嘧啶银-多粘菌素B-曲安奈德
C. Ketoconazole-hydrocortisone-thermally activated gel酮康唑-氢化可的松-热激活凝胶
D. Enrofloxacin-miconzazole-dexamethasone恩诺沙星-咪康唑-地塞米松

The correct answer is A. Osurnia® (florfenicol-terbinafine-betamethasone acetate) is the only FDA-approved medication listed. The remaining options include compounded topical combinations that may sometimes be used to treat canine otitis externa extra-label. Compounded products are not approved drugs. FDA-approved drugs should always be chosen over nonapproved options whenever possible, as these products have proven safety and e!icacy and are high-quality when used according to the label

5：Which of the following regarding Osurnia® administration is correct?
5：以下关于Osurnia®耳药管理的哪一个是正确的?
A. It should only be applied by a veterinary professional.兽医处方用药
B. Thorough ear cleaning and drying should be completed before administration.彻底清洗耳道并干燥后再用药
C. It utilizes a single, premeasured dosing tube.耳药为固定剂量单只独立装
D. All of the above以上都选
The correct answer is D. Osurnia makes treating canine otitis externa easier for patients, clients, and veterinarians. First, the affected ear(s) is cleaned and dried to remove excess cerumen and debris. After otoscopic examination is
completed to characterize debris and inflammation and to ensure tympanic membrane integrity, the contents of a single tube of Osurnia is administered per ear by a veterinary professional. The soft, flexible tip offers maximum
patient comfort while the premeasured tubes allow for simple, accurate dosing. Osurnia’s patented, alcohol-free gel formula penetrates deep into the ear by coating the entire canal without stinging or burning.

{本文涉及的商品化耳药（国内没有），请大家理性学习，不要听风就是雨，国内也可能有国产品牌仿品或者套牌产品，请大家开商品化耳药/洗耳液产品时，时刻牢记耳毒性定义和耳毒性成份，切迹不要盲目“跟风”}

笼中红细胞

Ryohei

杨爱娟

1.D
2.C
3.A
4.D
5.D

如果a

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南海

Vet武

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刘娜艳

D
A
A
D
A

刘娜艳

D
A
A
D
D

流浪的闲猫

DCCA