Background
背景
In 1979, Griffin and colleagues were the first to report a skin disease of dogs that resembled discoid lupus erythematosus(DLE), one of the variants of cutaneous lupus erythematosus(CLE) of humans.Within the ensuing two decades, new information was limited to a large case series of canine DLE and a catalog of skin lesions present in dogs with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). It was only around the turn of the millennium that other cutaneous variants of canine LE were characterized, notably type I bullous systemic LE, as well as exfoliative and vesicular CLE. Finally, a third wave of descriptions of canine CLE subsets occurred more recently with the publication of case series of mucocutaneous LE and generalized DLE in dogs .
在1979年，Griffin和他的同事第一次报告了一种类似于犬盘状红斑狼疮（DLE）的皮肤疾病，这是人类皮肤红斑狼疮（CLE）的一种变异型。在随后的二十年里，新的信息仅限于大量的犬盘状红斑狼疮（DLE）病例报告和关于犬系统性红斑狼疮（SLE）出现的一系列的皮肤病变的记录。直到千禧年前后，犬红斑狼疮的其他皮肤变异型才被表述，特别是I型大疱型系统性红斑狼疮，以及表皮剥脱型和水疱型皮肤红斑狼疮。最后，第三波对犬皮肤红斑狼疮亚型的表述是最近发表的犬黏膜皮肤红斑狼疮和犬全身型盘状红斑狼疮的病例报告。
In this paper, we first propose a classification of canine CLE variants, which is derived from the princepst modern nosology of the corresponding human diseases. This first section will be followed by a series of monographs reviewing relevant information published to date on the various canine CLE subsets.
在本文中，我们首先提出犬皮肤红斑狼疮变异型的分类，该分类来源于相应的人类疾病的princepst现代疾病分类学。第一节紧跟着一系列专题论文，审查了迄今为止出版的各类犬皮肤红斑狼疮亚型的相关信息。
Classification of cutaneous lupus erythematosus
皮肤红斑狼疮分类
Classification in humans
人医分类
In 1997, Gilliam-Sontheimer proposed a nosology that is the modern foundation of the classification of cutaneous manifestations of LE in humans.This system separates skin lesions associated with LE into two groups.Those that have microscopic skin lesions specific for lupus (i.e. a lymphocyte-rich interface dermatitis with basal keratinocyte apoptosis) are named “LE-specific skin diseases” (or CLE sensu stricto) while those that do not share such a histopathologic pattern are grouped under the denomination “LE-nonspecific skin diseases”.
在1997年，Gilliam-Sontheimer提出了一种疾病分类学，是按人类红斑狼疮皮肤表现的现代分类基础。该分类系统将红斑狼疮的皮肤病变分为两类。那些显微镜下具有狼疮的皮肤特异性病变的（如：富含淋巴细胞的界面性皮炎，伴随着基底膜角质细胞凋亡）被命名为“特异性红斑狼疮皮肤病”（或狭义CLE），而那些不具有这种组织病理学模式的被命名为“非特异性红斑狼疮皮肤病”。
In this classification, LE-specific skin diseases (CLE) are further subdivided into three major subcategories based on the lesional morphology and the average duration of individual skin lesions; these are named acute cutaneous LE(ACLE), subacute cutaneous LE (SCLE) and chronic cutaneous LE(CCLE)(Fig. 1a). Lupus erythematosus-nonspecific skin lesions encompass those associated with the underlying autoimmune disease, but that are not specific for LE itself, since the same lesions can be seen also in other diseases. Examples of LE-nonspecific skin lesions are those due to vasculitis, cryoglobulinemias, or vesicobullous lesions associated with basement-membrane autoantibodies(i.e. bullous SLE).
在这一分类中，特异性红斑狼疮皮肤病（CLE）根据病变形态学和单个皮肤病变的平均持续时间进一步细分为三大亚类；分别命名为急性皮肤红斑狼疮（ACLE）、亚急性皮肤红斑狼疮（SCLE）和慢性皮肤红斑狼疮（CCLE）（图1a）。非特异性红斑狼疮皮肤病变包括那些与潜在的自体免疫性疾病相关的，但对于LE本身来说是非特异性的，因为同样的病变也可以其他疾病中见到。非特异性红斑狼疮皮肤病变的举例有由于与基底膜自身抗体反应相关的血管炎、冷球蛋白血症或水疱大疱性病变（如：大疱型系统性红斑狼疮）。
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